Allusion
Paradox
Brief definition:
A figure of speech, that refers to a subject such as a place, event, person, or literary work by passing a reference of relation, and the reader doesn't necessarily makes the connection.
Published example:
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It’s no wonder everyone refers to Mary as another Mother Teresa in the making; she loves to help and care after people everywhere- from the streets to her own friends.
http://literary-devices.com/content/allusion
Own, personal example:
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Simply noticed how life and death can compare to happiness and sadness; one living life to the fullest, and the other one living it as if it were already over.
Brief definition:
The use of ideas that are opposite to each other, but when placed together in a comparison they show a significant value. The real meaning is not revealed at first glance, but then it provides a deeper meaning.
Published example:
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You can save money by spending it.
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-paradox.html
Own, personal example:
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Expensive may be cheaper, and cheaper may be more expensive.
Parody
Brief definition:
It is basically an imitation of a particular piece of a writer, artist or a genre, but actually changed and exaggerated to create a comic, humorous effect.
Published example:
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Fifty Shades of Chicken (cookbook, and exaggerated of Fifty Shades of Gray).
Own, personal example:
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A song turned into chipmunk voice, or in the opposite, turned into a slow motion voice.